Description of the HRTS 10 flight and observing sequences.

The High Resolution Telescope and Spectrograph (HRTS) instrument was successfully launched on Sept. 30, 1997 from LC-36 at the White Sands Missile Range. The instrument consists of 30cm Cassegrain telescope and a three element focal plane package. The central focal plane instrument was a tandem Wadsworth spectrograph with wavelength coverage in two bands (120-140nm and 150-170nm) with a resolution of 50mAngstroms. The reflective spectrograph slit jaws are imaged with an intermediate bandpass UV spectroheliograph and with a visible Halpha imaging slit jaw imaging system. As on the previous flight, four (20Angstrom FWHM) filters were used in the spectroheliograph to obtain images with central wavelengths at 1540, 1550, 1560 and 1600 Angstroms. The spectra and images are recorded on photographic film. The instrument was successfully pointed and focussed in flight. 1 arc-second spatial resolution was achieved in all the images.

The observation target for the mission was the coronal hole at the solar north pole. During the prime mission, the 900" long slit was moved over the surface of the sun to obtain a 10" wide raster with 2" steps. The slit was positioned nearly radially with 100" above the northern limb of the sun. A wide range of exposures were taken to observe a wide variety of bright and faint lines. A series of spectroheliograph and Halpha images were taken of the spectrograph slit jaws to reference the slit location. Final image coregistration will be accomplished using slit jaw, Tmin continuum images and Kitt Peak/MDI magnetograms. An excellent collaborative data set was obtained at Kitt Peak Observatory (chromospheric and photospheric magnetograms), Big Bear Solar Observatory and University of Hawaii. The space based collaborative observing campaign included SXT (YOHKOH), MDI (SOHO), EIT (SOHO), CDS (SOHO) and SUMER (SOHO). The slit spectra show an interesting collection of explosive events in C IV. The spectroheliograph images show C IV loop like structures near the limb.

The flight also was the first scientific flight of the new digital attitude control system produced by the Lockheed Martin SPARCS group at the White Sands Missile Range. The system utilizes fast, programmable digital control of the payload. The previous problem of ground loop noise on the shielded sensor lines was entirely eliminated by the incorporation of a fiber optic sensor data line. The performance of this new system was superb. Acquisition occurred within 30 seconds of opening the aperture door. The noise on the sensor output lines was 0.05 arc-seconds. The stability over the entire flight was 1.5 arc-seconds peak to peak. The stability of the pointing over a typical 10 second exposure was 0.2 arc-seconds peak to peak and <0.1 arc-seconds peak to peak for a typical 1 second exposure. This pointing stability in future flights will enable very high spatial resolution solar images to be obtained from a sounding rocket platform.

Sample images from the flight.

A set of sample images from the flight are given below. These were produced by electronically scanning positives produced from the flight film. The limb is placed in the top of the pictures; the slit orientation is up and down. Three fidicual wires (225 arc-seconds apart) are visible in the spectra and slit jaw images. The slit width is 0.5 arc-seconds in scale and the fiducial wire spatial width is are 2" arc-seconds. The images are scaled with darker areas corresponding to higher intensity.

half resolution HRTS 10 long wavelength spectrum - 317 kb






full resolution HRTS 10 long wavelength spectrum - 1.2 Mb




The above two images are sample spectra taken during the first raster step of the flight. The wavelength range of the spectra presented is 1500-1700 Angstroms. The spatial resolution is <1 arc-second along the slit. The limb is located at the top of the spectra; wavelength increases left to right. The C IV doublet (1550A), the He II emission line (1640A), the C I multiplet (1660A) and the Al II emission line (1670A) are all clearly present. A variety of turbulent and Doppler shifted explosive events are present in the slit spectra. Limb brightening is clearly present in the emission lines.

half resolution C IV spectra - 475k






full resolution C IV spectra - 1.87Mb






half resolution Lyman alpha spectra - 39k





full resolution Lyman alpha spectra - 155k






The above images show the C IV and Lyman alpha spectra taken during the first step of the HRTS 10 raster. The limb is located at the top of the spectra.

half resolution 1560 Angstrom image of the spectroheliograph slit jaws - 387k






full resolution 1560 Angstrom image of the spectroheliograph slit jaws - 1.5Mb






The above two images were taken with the spectroheliograph focal plane instrument. The spectoheliograph isolates a 20 Angstrom bandpass of the UV continuum at selected wavelengths and produces an image of the spectrograph reflective slit jaws. The slit and three fiducial wires are clearly seen. Th e image was taken in the 1560A bandpass of the instrument. Loop like transition region/chromosphere structures are visible particularly near the poles.

half resolution, Halpha slit jaw image - 165k







full resolution, Halpha slit jaw image - 745k







The above two images were taken with the Halpha slit jaw monitoring system. Two 60mm mica etalons are utilized to filter the incoming solar radiation and produce a high spectral purity 0.5Angstrom Halpha image. The system also feeds an onboard video camera system which is utilized to point an d focus the payload during flight. The Halpha images are also used for coregistration of the spectra with ground and space based solar observatories.


Created: 29 Oct 1997 - D. Wang [Site under construction]